Airedale Terrier
Updated November 28, 2025
The Airedale Terrier is the largest terrier breed, known for its intelligence, athleticism, and bravery. Originally bred in England's Aire Valley to hunt otters and other vermin, they have also served as war dogs, police dogs, and loyal family companions.
Intelligent, Confident, Brave, Friendly, Energetic
40-70 pounds
22-24 inches
10-13 years
Black and Tan, Grizzle and Tan
At a Glance
Good with Kids
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About Airedale Terrier
The Airedale Terrier is the largest terrier breed, known for its intelligence, athleticism, and bravery. Originally bred in England's Aire Valley to hunt otters and other vermin, they have also served as war dogs, police dogs, and loyal family companions.
What Makes Airedale Terriers Special
The Airedale Terrier is a spirited and athletic dog with a heart of gold. As the largest of the terriers, they combine the feisty nature of the group with a more even-tempered demeanor.
They are renowned for their intelligence, loyalty, and protective instincts, making them a versatile companion for active owners who appreciate their unique blend of courage and charm.
Airedale Terrier History & Origin
The Airedale Terrier originated in the mid-19th century in the Aire Valley of Yorkshire, England. Local working-class hunters wanted a versatile dog that could hunt otters in the rivers and vermin on land. They crossed the old English Black and Tan Terrier with the Otterhound, resulting in a large, tenacious terrier with a keen nose and swimming ability.
The breed was created by crossing the Otterhound with the now-extinct Black and Tan Terrier.
Known as the 'Waterside Terrier' or 'Bingley Terrier' in its early days, it was officially recognized as the Airedale Terrier by the Kennel Club of England in 1886.
Airedales were used extensively as message carriers and sentry dogs during World War I, demonstrating incredible bravery.
The breed was first brought to America in the 1880s and was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1888.
The cost for an Airedale Terrier puppy from a reputable breeder can range from $800 to $2,000.
Airedale Terrier Characteristics
Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.
Care Requirements
Exercise Needs
Grooming Needs
Training Needs
Health Issues
Shedding Level
Airedale Terrier Appearance
The Airedale Terrier has a distinctive and noble appearance, characterized by its wiry coat, long head, and alert expression.
They have a sturdy, muscular build that reflects their athletic nature. Their classic black and tan markings and confident stance give them an air of intelligence and readiness.
Physical Features
Ears
Their V-shaped ears are neatly folded and carried to the side, contributing to their keen expression.
Eyes
The eyes are small, dark, and intelligent, conveying a fearless and alert demeanor.
Nose
The Airedale's nose is always black.
Coat & Build
Coat Length
They have a medium-length double coat, consisting of a hard, wiry outer coat and a soft, dense undercoat.
Coat Color
The standard color is tan on the head, ears, and legs, with a black or grizzle 'saddle' marking on the back.
Tail
The tail is set high on the back and carried erect, often docked to create a balanced silhouette.
Airedale Terrier Temperament
Airedale Terriers are known for their confident, bold, and outgoing personality. They are friendly and loyal to their families, often acting as devoted protectors.
While generally good-natured, their terrier instincts can make them spirited and sometimes stubborn. They possess a playful and energetic nature, enjoying activities and adventures with their human companions.
Airedales are highly intelligent and trainable, but they require a confident owner who can provide consistent guidance. Early socialization is important to ensure they are well-behaved around strangers and other animals.
They are courageous and fearless, a trait that made them excellent war dogs and guard dogs. Despite their tough exterior, they are affectionate with their families and can be patient with children when raised with them.
Their cleverness and energy mean they thrive on mental and physical challenges. An under-stimulated Airedale can become bored, which may lead to digging and chewing.
Temperament Traits
Good With
Health
Airedales are a generally hardy breed with a life expectancy of 10-13 years. However, like all purebreds, they are prone to certain genetic health conditions. Responsible breeders will screen their stock for these issues.
Common Health Issues
Preventive Care
Regular veterinary check-ups, hip screening for breeding dogs, a balanced diet, and regular exercise are key to a healthy life.
How to Care for a Airedale Terrier
Airedale Terriers are active and intelligent dogs that require regular exercise, mental stimulation, and grooming to stay happy and healthy. They are hardy but can be prone to certain health conditions.
Grooming
The Airedale's distinctive wiry coat requires regular grooming to prevent matting and maintain its texture.
Weekly brushing with a slicker brush and comb is necessary to remove loose hair and debris.
To maintain the coat's hard texture and color, hand-stripping is recommended a few times a year. Many pet owners opt for professional clipping every 6-8 weeks for easier maintenance, though this can soften the coat's texture over time.
Their beard should be cleaned regularly to prevent food from getting trapped.
Nails should be trimmed weekly or as needed, and ears should be checked and cleaned to prevent infections.
Training
Airedales are smart and eager to learn, but their intelligence can be paired with a stubborn streak.
Training should start early, with a focus on positive reinforcement techniques using treats and praise.
Consistency and a firm, fair approach are key. They excel in various dog sports like agility, obedience, and scent work, which provide excellent mental stimulation.
Early and ongoing socialization is crucial to manage their bold nature and potential wariness around other dogs.
Diet
A high-quality dog food appropriate for their age, size, and high energy level is essential. The diet should be rich in protein to support their muscular build.
Feed two smaller meals per day rather than one large one to help prevent bloat, a condition to which deep-chested breeds are prone.
Monitor their weight to prevent obesity, which can contribute to health problems like hip dysplasia. Treats should be given in moderation.
Exercise
Airedale Terriers are energetic and require at least 1-2 hours of exercise daily.
They enjoy long walks, jogging, hiking, and are often strong swimmers.
Engaging in activities like fetch, interactive games, and agility training helps burn off their energy and keeps their minds sharp.
A securely fenced yard is ideal for them to run and play, but they are not dogs to be left alone outside for long periods as they thrive on interaction with their family.
Environment
Airedales are best suited for a home with a yard where they have space to move around.
They can adapt to different living situations, but their size and energy level make them less suitable for small apartments unless they are provided with ample daily exercise.
They are active dogs that fit well with families who enjoy outdoor activities.
Living Conditions
Space Requirements
A home with a securely fenced yard is highly recommended.
Climate Adaptability
Adaptable, but care should be taken in extreme heat due to their dense coat.
Apartment Living
Generally not recommended due to their size and high energy requirements.
Best Suited For
An excellent match for active owners or families who can provide plenty of exercise and mental stimulation.
Training Tips
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Airedale Terriers good family dogs?
Yes, Airedale Terriers can be excellent family dogs. They are loyal and protective, but should be supervised with young children due to their rambunctious nature. Early socialization is key.
Do Airedale Terriers shed a lot?
Airedale Terriers are considered low-shedding dogs, but their wiry coat requires regular grooming to remove dead hair and prevent matting.
How much exercise do Airedale Terriers need?
They are a high-energy breed and need at least one to two hours of vigorous exercise daily to stay physically and mentally healthy.
Are Airedale Terriers aggressive?
They are not typically aggressive towards people but can be scrappy and assertive with other dogs, a common terrier trait. Proper socialization can mitigate this.
Can Airedale Terriers live in apartments?
Apartment living is not ideal for Airedales due to their large size and high exercise requirements. They thrive in homes with more space and a yard.
Specialized Care Guides
Puppy Care
Requires early socialization with various people, sights, and sounds. Puppy training classes are highly recommended.
Senior Care
May require joint supplements, a diet lower in calories, and less strenuous exercise. Regular vet check-ups are crucial.
First-Time Owner Tips
Can be a challenge for first-time owners due to their intelligence, energy, and stubborn terrier nature.
Looking for a Airedale Terrier?
Connect with responsible breeders, rescue organizations, and pet adoption services in your area.