American Eskimo Dog

Updated November 28, 2025

American Eskimo Dog sitting on an isolated background

The American Eskimo Dog is a member of the Spitz family and was developed in America. Despite their name, they have no connection to Eskimo cultures. They are known for their striking appearance, intelligence, and agility, which once made them popular circus performers.

Temperament

Intelligent, Playful, Eager to please, Alert, Friendly

Weight

6-35 pounds

Height

9-19 inches

Life Expectancy

13-15 years

Coat Color

White, White with biscuit

At a Glance

Good with Kids

4/5

About American Eskimo Dog

The American Eskimo Dog is a member of the Spitz family and was developed in America. Despite their name, they have no connection to Eskimo cultures. They are known for their striking appearance, intelligence, and agility, which once made them popular circus performers.

13-15 years
Lifespan
6-35 pounds
Weight
9-19 inches
Height
N/A
Energy Level

What Makes American Eskimo Dogs Special

The American Eskimo Dog is a captivating breed known for its beautiful white coat, black points (lips, nose, and eye rims), and plumed tail that curls over its back.

They are intelligent, eager to please, and playful, making them excellent companions for a variety of households.

American Eskimo Dog History & Origin

The American Eskimo Dog's ancestors were German Spitz dogs brought to America by immigrants. The breed was renamed during World War I due to anti-German sentiment. They gained popularity as entertaining circus performers, known for their intelligence and ability to perform tricks.

Descended from German Spitz dogs, the breed was developed in the American Midwest.

The United Kennel Club (UKC) recognized the breed in 1913.

The American Kennel Club (AKC) recognized the breed in 1995.

A famous American Eskimo Dog named Stout's Pal Pierre was the first dog to walk a tightrope in the Barnum & Bailey Circus.

The breed comes in three size varieties: Toy, Miniature, and Standard.

American Eskimo Dog Characteristics

Individual Variation

Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

Couch Potato Star Athlete

Grooming Needs

Minimal Grooming Extensive Grooming

Training Needs

Requires Minimal Training Requires a Lot of Training

Health Issues

Few Known Health Issues Many Known Health Issues

Shedding Level

Sheds a Little Sheds a Lot

American Eskimo Dog Appearance

With a compact and well-balanced body, the American Eskimo Dog presents a picture of beauty, alertness, and agility.

Their dense white double coat, erect triangular ears, and intelligent expression are defining features of the breed.

Physical Features

Ears

Triangular, slightly blunted-tipped, held erect, set on high and well apart.

Eyes

Slightly oval and dark to medium brown, with black eye rims that contribute to their intelligent expression.

Nose

Preferably black, though a 'snow nose' (fading to pink in winter) is common.

Coat & Build

Coat Length

Medium-length double coat with a dense undercoat and longer guard hairs.

Coat Color

Pure white is the preferred color, with white and biscuit markings being permissible.

Tail

The tail is heavily plumed and carried over the back.

American Eskimo Dog Temperament

American Eskimo Dogs are known for their high intelligence and eagerness to please, which makes them highly trainable.

They are playful and enjoy being the center of attention, retaining a puppy-like demeanor well into adulthood.

While they are generally friendly and good-natured, they can be reserved or wary around strangers, making early socialization important.

Their alert nature makes them excellent watchdogs, as they are quick to bark to announce the arrival of visitors.

This breed forms strong bonds with their families and can be prone to separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods.

Temperament Traits

IntelligentPlayfulEager to pleaseAlertFriendly

Good With

Health

American Eskimo Dogs are a generally healthy breed with a lifespan of 13 to 15 years. However, like all breeds, they are prone to certain health conditions.

Common Health Issues

Hip Dysplasia - A genetic condition where the thighbone doesn't fit snugly into the hip joint.
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease - A condition that affects the hip joint in small breeds, leading to arthritis.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) - A degenerative eye disorder that eventually causes blindness.
Cataracts - An opacity on the lens of the eye that can cause vision difficulties.
Patellar Luxation - A common problem in small dogs where the kneecap is dislocated from its normal position.

Preventive Care

Responsible breeders screen their stock for health conditions such as hip and eye diseases. Regular veterinary check-ups and maintaining a healthy weight can help mitigate some health risks.

How to Care for a American Eskimo Dog

The American Eskimo Dog is relatively easy to care for but requires significant attention to grooming and exercise. They are intelligent and trainable, making them suitable for various living situations with the right owner.

Living Conditions

Space Requirements

Adaptable to various living spaces, including apartments, as long as they get enough exercise.

Climate Adaptability

They tolerate cold weather well but need protection from the heat.

Apartment Living

Well-suited for apartment life provided they receive daily walks and playtime.

Best Suited For

Best for active individuals or families who can provide them with the mental and physical stimulation they need.

Training Tips

Frequently Asked Questions

Specialized Care Guides

Puppy Care

Early socialization and consistent training are key. Provide plenty of chew toys to help with teething.

Senior Care

Older Eskies may need adjustments in their diet and exercise routine. Regular vet check-ups are important to monitor for age-related health issues.

First-Time Owner Tips

Their intelligence and eagerness to please make them a good choice for first-time dog owners who are willing to put in the effort for training and grooming.