Australian Shepherd
Updated November 29, 2025
The Australian Shepherd is a highly intelligent and energetic working dog, known for its strong herding and guarding instincts. They are loyal and versatile companions that thrive on activity and having a job to do.
Intelligent, Active, Loyal, Protective, Good-natured
40-65 pounds
18-23 inches
12-15 years
Black, Blue Merle, Red, Red Merle
At a Glance
Good with Kids
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About Australian Shepherd
The Australian Shepherd is a highly intelligent and energetic working dog, known for its strong herding and guarding instincts. They are loyal and versatile companions that thrive on activity and having a job to do.
What Makes Australian Shepherds Special
The Australian Shepherd is a lean, tough ranch dog, closely associated with the cowboy life. They are known for their keen, penetrating gaze.
Aussies exhibit an irresistible impulse to herd everything, including birds, other dogs, and children. This strong work drive requires an outlet.
They are remarkably intelligent, quite capable of outsmarting an unsuspecting novice owner.
Australian Shepherd History & Origin
Despite its name, the Australian Shepherd was developed in the western United States. The breed's ancestors are believed to be Basque-country shepherd dogs that arrived in the U.S. via Australia in the 1800s with flocks of sheep.
The breed was perfected in California to work as a versatile ranch dog.
They became more widely known to the public through their appearances in rodeos and horse shows.
The American Kennel Club recognized the Australian Shepherd in 1991.
Australian Shepherd Characteristics
Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.
Care Requirements
Exercise Needs
Grooming Needs
Training Needs
Health Issues
Shedding Level
Australian Shepherd Appearance
The Australian Shepherd is a medium-sized, well-balanced dog. They are slightly longer than they are tall and have a solid, muscular build without being clumsy.
Their coat offers a variety of looks, including the striking merle pattern. Their expression is attentive, intelligent, and eager.
Physical Features
Ears
Triangular, moderate-sized ears set high on the head. They may break forward or to the side when at attention.
Eyes
Expressive almond-shaped eyes that can be brown, blue, amber, or a combination.
Nose
Black for blue merle and black dogs, and liver (brown) for red merle and red dogs.
Coat & Build
Coat Length
Medium-length double coat that is weather-resistant. Hair is short and smooth on the head and front of the legs.
Coat Color
Blue merle, black, red merle, and red, all with or without white markings and/or tan (copper) points.
Tail
Docked or a natural bobtail.
Australian Shepherd Temperament
The Australian Shepherd is an intelligent, active dog with an even disposition; he is good-natured, seldom quarrelsome. He may be somewhat reserved in initial meetings.
True to their herding instincts, Aussies are very protective of their families and territory and will let you know if strangers approach, but they are not considered aggressive.
Aussies are remarkably intelligent and eager to please, making them highly trainable. They excel in obedience and dog sports.
This strong work drive can make Aussies too much dog for a sedentary pet owner. They need a job to do, whether it's herding livestock or engaging in vigorous daily exercise and training.
They are loyal companions and form strong bonds with their families. With proper socialization, they are excellent with children and can get along well with other pets.
Temperament Traits
Good With
Health
Aussies are generally healthy, but like all breeds, they're prone to certain health conditions. Responsible breeders screen their stock for these issues.
Common Health Issues
Preventive Care
Regular veterinary check-ups, genetic screening, proper diet, and exercise are key to a healthy life.
How to Care for a Australian Shepherd
Australian Shepherds are high-energy dogs that require significant exercise and mental stimulation. Their intelligence and desire to please make them trainable, but their coat requires regular maintenance.
Grooming
The Australian Shepherd has a double coat that needs regular brushing, two to three times a week, to prevent matting and control shedding. During shedding season, daily brushing may be necessary.
Bathing should only be done when necessary to avoid stripping the coat of its natural oils.
Nail trimming should be done regularly, as long nails can cause pain and structural problems.
Check and clean their ears weekly to prevent infections.
Training
Aussies are highly intelligent and eager to learn, making them very trainable. Early socialization and puppy training classes are recommended.
Positive reinforcement techniques work best. They excel in activities like obedience, agility, and herding trials.
Consistent training is key to managing their strong herding instincts.
Diet
A high-quality dog food appropriate for their age, size, and activity level is essential. Portion control is important to prevent obesity.
The amount of food will vary depending on the individual dog's metabolism and exercise level. Typically, 1.5 to 2.5 cups of dry food a day, divided into two meals, is sufficient.
Fresh, clean water should be available at all times.
Exercise
Australian Shepherds are a very active breed that requires at least 30 to 60 minutes of vigorous exercise daily. They are not suited for a sedentary lifestyle.
They excel at and enjoy activities like running, hiking, swimming, and playing fetch.
Mental stimulation is just as important as physical exercise. Puzzle toys and training games can help keep their minds sharp.
Environment
A home with a securely fenced yard is ideal for an Australian Shepherd to allow them space to run and play.
They can adapt to apartment living if they receive sufficient daily exercise and mental stimulation, but it is not ideal.
They thrive in an environment where they have a job to do and are an integral part of the family.
Living Conditions
Space Requirements
A home with a large, fenced yard is highly recommended.
Climate Adaptability
Adaptable to different climates, but care must be taken in extreme heat.
Apartment Living
Generally not recommended for apartment living due to their high energy and exercise needs.
Best Suited For
Best suited for active individuals or families who can provide ample exercise and mental stimulation.
Training Tips
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Australian Shepherds good family dogs?
Yes, they can be excellent family dogs for active families who can meet their exercise and mental stimulation needs. They are loyal and protective of their family members.
How much do Australian Shepherds shed?
They have a double coat and shed moderately year-round, with heavier shedding twice a year.
How much exercise do Australian Shepherds need?
They are a high-energy breed and require at least 30-60 minutes of vigorous exercise every day.
Are Australian Shepherds easy to train?
Yes, their high intelligence and eagerness to please make them one of the easier breeds to train.
Are Australian Shepherds good for apartment living?
Generally, no. Their high energy and need for space make them better suited to homes with yards.
Specialized Care Guides
Puppy Care
Early socialization and consistent training are key. Provide plenty of chew toys and structured playtime.
Senior Care
Adjust exercise to their ability, monitor for joint issues, and maintain a healthy weight.
First-Time Owner Tips
Can be a challenge for first-time owners due to their high energy and intelligence; requires a significant time commitment.
Looking for a Australian Shepherd?
Connect with responsible breeders, rescue organizations, and pet adoption services in your area.