Chesapeake Bay Retriever
Updated December 1, 2025
A rugged and determined retriever developed to withstand the icy waters of the Chesapeake Bay, this breed excels in waterfowl hunting and is known for its strength, loyalty, and courage.
Intelligent, Protective, Affectionate, Alert, Confident
55-80 pounds
21-26 inches
10-13 years
Brown, Sedge, Deadgrass
At a Glance
Good with Kids
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About Chesapeake Bay Retriever
A rugged and determined retriever developed to withstand the icy waters of the Chesapeake Bay, this breed excels in waterfowl hunting and is known for its strength, loyalty, and courage.
What Makes Chesapeake Bay Retrievers Special
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers are hearty, hard-working dogs with a strong will and loyal heart.
They make excellent hunting companions and family protectors, especially for experienced dog owners who understand their unique temperament.
Chesapeake Bay Retriever History & Origin
The Chesapeake Bay Retriever was developed in the early 19th century in Maryland. Its ancestry includes Newfoundlands and local retrievers bred for retrieving waterfowl under tough conditions.
Originated from two Newfoundland-type dogs rescued from a shipwreck in 1807 near Maryland.
These dogs were bred with local retrievers, setters, and water spaniels to develop today's Chessie.
They became known for their ability to retrieve hundreds of ducks per day in frigid waters.
Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1878.
Today, they are the state dog of Maryland and remain a favorite among waterfowl hunters.
Chesapeake Bay Retriever Characteristics
Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.
Care Requirements
Exercise Needs
Grooming Needs
Training Needs
Health Issues
Shedding Level
Chesapeake Bay Retriever Appearance
The Chesapeake Bay Retriever has a muscular, athletic build suited for harsh environments.
Its dense, wavy coat is uniquely adapted for water and cold, and its amber eyes convey intelligence and intensity.
Physical Features
Ears
Small and floppy, helping minimize water entry
Eyes
Bright amber to yellow eyes that stand out
Nose
Wide and well-suited for scent tracking
Coat & Build
Coat Length
Short, dense outer coat with oily texture
Coat Color
Blends with surroundings for camouflage: brown, sedge, or deadgrass
Tail
Straight or slightly curved with a thick base
Chesapeake Bay Retriever Temperament
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers are known for their loyalty and protective instincts, making them excellent watchdogs and devoted companions.
They are highly intelligent and independent, which can make training a bit more challenging, but they excel with a firm and consistent hand.
Unlike more social breeds, Chessies may be aloof with strangers, but are deeply affectionate with their family.
Their strong retrieving instinct and love for water make them exceptional hunting dogs, especially in tough, cold conditions.
Chessies are not typically hyper, but they do require regular physical and mental stimulation to stay balanced and well-behaved.
Temperament Traits
Good With
Health
A generally healthy breed with a few common hereditary concerns typical to large dogs. Early screening and proper care can reduce health risks.
Common Health Issues
Preventive Care
Routine vet visits, hip/elbow evaluations, eye screenings, controlled diet and weight, and exercise
How to Care for a Chesapeake Bay Retriever
Chesapeake Bay Retrievers are strong, capable dogs that thrive with active families or working roles. They require consistent training, moderate grooming, and ample exercise.
Grooming
Chessies have a water-resistant double coat that needs occasional brushing to remove loose hair and maintain condition.
Avoid frequent bathing to preserve the natural oils in their coat, which protect them from cold and water.
Check ears regularly to prevent infections, especially if the dog swims often.
Training
Early socialization and firm, consistent training are important for this intelligent but sometimes stubborn breed.
They respond well to positive reinforcement but require confident leadership.
Training sessions should be varied and engaging to prevent boredom.
Diet
Feed a well-balanced, high-quality diet suited to your dog’s age, weight, and activity level.
Monitor weight to prevent obesity, a common issue in large breeds.
Discuss any allergies or sensitivities with your vet.
Exercise
Chessies are high-energy dogs that require daily vigorous exercise.
Activities such as swimming, fetch, hunting, or agility training are ideal.
Mental stimulation is also important—puzzle toys and training games help.
Environment
Best suited for homes with space to roam or access to water, they are not ideal for small apartments.
They enjoy outdoor life but should live indoors with their family.
Secure fencing is essential, as their independence can lead them to roam.
Living Conditions
Space Requirements
Prefers homes with large yards or access to open space
Climate Adaptability
Thrives in cold or temperate climates
Apartment Living
Not recommended for apartment life
Best Suited For
Best suited for active, outdoorsy individuals or hunters
Training Tips
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Chesapeake Bay Retrievers good with kids?
Yes, they are generally good with children, especially if raised with them. Supervision is recommended due to their strength and protectiveness.
Do Chesapeake Bay Retrievers shed a lot?
They shed moderately year-round and may have seasonal increases. Weekly brushing helps manage shedding.
Are they good for apartment living?
No, their high energy and size make them better suited to homes with outdoor space.
Are Chessies easy to train?
They are intelligent but independent. Consistent, firm, and patient training is key.
Do Chesapeake Bay Retrievers like water?
Yes, they love water and are excellent swimmers with a coat built for cold, wet conditions.
Specialized Care Guides
Puppy Care
Socialize early, begin obedience training, provide chew toys and structure
Senior Care
Monitor for arthritis, adjust activity levels, provide joint supplements
First-Time Owner Tips
May be challenging for new owners; better suited for experienced handlers
Looking for a Chesapeake Bay Retriever?
Connect with responsible breeders, rescue organizations, and pet adoption services in your area.