Dachshund
Updated November 29, 2025
The Dachshund, known for its long, low body, is a playful and stubborn but devoted companion. Bred as a hunter, it is courageous and makes an excellent watchdog. They come in two sizes and three coat types.
Playful, Clever, Lively, Stubborn, Devoted, Courageous
16-32 pounds
8-9 inches
12-16 years
Red, Cream, Black and Tan, Black and Cream, Chocolate and Tan, Blue and Tan, Isabella (Fawn) and Tan
At a Glance
Good with Kids
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About Dachshund
The Dachshund, known for its long, low body, is a playful and stubborn but devoted companion. Bred as a hunter, it is courageous and makes an excellent watchdog. They come in two sizes and three coat types.
What Makes Dachshunds Special
The Dachshund, with its unmistakable long-backed body, short legs, and big personality, is a true icon of the canine world. Originally bred in Germany to hunt badgers, their name literally means 'badger dog'.
These dogs are brave to the point of rashness, and their clever and playful nature makes them a beloved companion in many homes. They are fiercely loyal to their families and make excellent, albeit sometimes noisy, watchdogs.
Dachshund History & Origin
The Dachshund originated in Germany several centuries ago, where they were bred to hunt badgers and other den-dwelling animals. Their long, low bodies were perfect for digging into burrows. The breed was refined in the 19th century to the dog we know today.
The name 'Dachshund' means 'badger dog' in German ('dachs' for badger and 'hund' for dog).
There are two sizes recognized by the American Kennel Club: standard and miniature.
The three coat varieties (smooth, longhaired, and wirehaired) were developed at different times to suit different climates and hunting needs.
The Dachshund was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1885.
The breed's popularity has remained high for many years, consistently ranking among the most popular breeds.
Dachshund Characteristics
Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.
Care Requirements
Exercise Needs
Grooming Needs
Training Needs
Health Issues
Shedding Level
Dachshund Appearance
The Dachshund is low to the ground, long in body and short of leg with robust muscular development. Their skin is elastic and pliable without excessive wrinkling. They carry themselves with a bold and confident head carriage and an intelligent, alert facial expression.
Physical Features
Ears
Their ears are set near the top of the head, not too far forward. They are of moderate length, rounded, and hang down, framing the face.
Eyes
Their eyes are of a medium size, almond-shaped, and should have a pleasant and energetic expression. The color is typically a very dark red-brown or brownish-black.
Nose
The nose is long and the nostrils are well open, indicating a good sense of smell. The color is usually black, but can be self-colored with the coat.
Coat & Build
Coat Length
Dachshunds come in three coat varieties: smooth (short), longhaired, and wirehaired.
Coat Color
Common colors include red, cream, black and tan, chocolate and tan, and wild boar. Patterns such as dapple (merle), brindle, sable, and piebald also occur.
Tail
The tail is set in continuation of the spine and is carried gracefully without a pronounced curve.
Dachshund Temperament
The famously long, low silhouette, ever-alert expression, and bold, vivacious personality of the Dachshund have made him a superstar of the canine kingdom. They are known for their cleverness, courage, and lively disposition. Bred for perseverance, their tenacity can sometimes be interpreted as stubbornness.
Dachshunds are very playful and will enjoy a good game of fetch. They are also loyal and devoted to their families and can be good with children if treated respectfully. However, their bold nature might make them wary of strangers initially.
Their intelligence can be a double-edged sword, making them quick to learn but also giving them an independent streak. Consistent, positive reinforcement-based training is key to a well-behaved companion. They are known to be vocal and make excellent watchdogs.
Temperament Traits
Good With
Health
Dachshunds have a lifespan of 12-16 years. They are generally healthy but are prone to certain conditions, especially back problems due to their long spine.
Common Health Issues
Preventive Care
Regular vet check-ups, maintaining a healthy weight, protecting their back from high-impact activities, and regular dental care.
How to Care for a Dachshund
Dachshunds are relatively low-maintenance in terms of grooming, but their unique build requires special attention to their back to prevent injury. They are energetic dogs that need regular exercise and consistent training.
Grooming
Grooming needs vary by coat type. Smooth-coated Dachshunds require minimal grooming, just a wipe-down with a towel or a soft brush. Longhaired varieties need to be brushed several times a week to prevent matting. Wirehaired Dachshunds need their coat plucked or hand-stripped a few times a year to maintain its texture, along with regular brushing.
Nails should be trimmed monthly, and ears checked weekly for signs of infection. Dental care is also important, with regular brushing recommended.
Training
Dachshunds are intelligent but can be stubborn, making training a potentially challenging but rewarding experience. Early socialization and puppy training classes are highly recommended.
Positive reinforcement techniques, such as treats and praise, work best. Consistency and patience are crucial. House training can sometimes be a challenge, so a regular potty schedule is important.
Diet
A high-quality dog food appropriate for their age (puppy, adult, or senior) and size is essential. Portion control is vital as Dachshunds are prone to obesity, which puts extra strain on their long backs.
The daily amount of food will vary depending on the dog's age, size, activity level, and the type of food. It's best to divide their daily portion into two meals. Always provide fresh, clean water.
Exercise
Despite their small size, Dachshunds have a moderate amount of energy and require regular exercise to stay fit and maintain strong back muscles. Daily walks and playtime are essential.
However, their long back is prone to injury, so it's crucial to prevent them from jumping on and off furniture and to avoid strenuous activities that could strain their spine. Using ramps for furniture can be very helpful.
Environment
Dachshunds are adaptable and can live happily in an apartment as long as they get enough exercise. A home with a securely fenced yard is also a good option, as they have a strong prey drive and may wander off if they catch a scent.
They are indoor dogs and should not be left to live outside. They enjoy being with their families and can suffer from separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods.
Living Conditions
Space Requirements
Adaptable to various living situations, including apartments, as long as they get adequate exercise.
Climate Adaptability
Prefers moderate temperatures and will need a coat in cold weather.
Apartment Living
Well-suited for apartment life.
Best Suited For
Best for owners who can provide consistent training and attention.
Training Tips
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Dachshunds good with children?
Dachshunds can be good with older, respectful children. Due to their size and back issues, they may not tolerate rough play from very young children. Supervision is always recommended.
How much do Dachshunds bark?
Dachshunds are known for being vocal and can be prone to barking. Early training can help manage this behavior.
Are Dachshunds prone to back problems?
Yes, due to their long spine, they are highly susceptible to Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD). It is important to prevent them from jumping on and off furniture and to keep them at a healthy weight.
Are Dachshunds easy to train?
Their intelligence means they learn quickly, but their stubborn nature can make training a challenge. Patience and consistency are essential.
What are the different types of Dachshunds?
Dachshunds come in two sizes (standard and miniature) and three coat types (smooth, longhaired, and wirehaired).
Specialized Care Guides
Puppy Care
Early socialization is crucial. Be prepared for a potentially challenging but rewarding potty training period. Protect their developing back from high jumps.
Senior Care
Monitor for signs of back problems and arthritis. Adjust diet and exercise to maintain a healthy weight and mobility. Regular vet check-ups are important.
First-Time Owner Tips
Can be a good choice for dedicated first-time owners who are prepared for their stubborn streak and training needs.
Looking for a Dachshund?
Connect with responsible breeders, rescue organizations, and pet adoption services in your area.