Dogue de Bordeaux

Updated November 29, 2025

Dogue de Bordeaux sitting on an isolated background

The Dogue de Bordeaux is one of the most ancient French breeds, a molosser type known for its powerful build and massive, wrinkled head. They are loyal, protective, and affectionate with their families, but can be wary of strangers. This breed requires early socialization and training from a confident owner.

Temperament

Loyal, Affectionate, Courageous, Vigilant, Even-Tempered, Protective

Weight

99-145 pounds

Height

23-27 inches

Life Expectancy

5-8 years

Coat Color

Fawn, Isabella, Mahogany, Red, Red & White, Red With Black Mask, Red With Brown Mask, Tan

At a Glance

Good with Kids

4/5

About Dogue de Bordeaux

The Dogue de Bordeaux is one of the most ancient French breeds, a molosser type known for its powerful build and massive, wrinkled head. They are loyal, protective, and affectionate with their families, but can be wary of strangers. This breed requires early socialization and training from a confident owner.

5-8 years
Lifespan
99-145 pounds
Weight
23-27 inches
Height
N/A
Energy Level

What Makes Dogue de Bordeauxs Special

The Dogue de Bordeaux is a breed of contrasts: powerful and imposing, yet gentle and affectionate with its family. Their loyalty is unwavering, and they form deep, lasting bonds with their owners.

With a history as a guardian and hunter, they possess a natural courage and vigilance. This makes them excellent watchdogs, but also requires a responsible owner who can manage their protective instincts.

Their expressive, wrinkled face and serious gaze are iconic features of the breed, often belying their sometimes goofy and loving personality with those they trust.

Dogue de Bordeaux History & Origin

The Dogue de Bordeaux, sometimes called the French Mastiff, has a long and storied history in France, dating back to at least the 14th century. They were used for various tasks, including hunting large game, guarding estates, and even in the fighting pits.

The breed is believed to have descended from the Alan Vautre, which were brought to Gaul by the Alans.

The breed standard was first written in Paris in 1896.

The breed suffered greatly during the two World Wars, and at one point was close to extinction.

The 1989 movie 'Turner & Hooch' featured a Dogue de Bordeaux and brought the breed to wider public attention.

The Dogue de Bordeaux was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 2008.

Dogue de Bordeaux Characteristics

Individual Variation

Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

Couch Potato Star Athlete

Grooming Needs

Minimal Grooming Extensive Grooming

Training Needs

Requires Minimal Training Requires a Lot of Training

Health Issues

Few Known Health Issues Many Known Health Issues

Shedding Level

Sheds a Little Sheds a Lot

Dogue de Bordeaux Appearance

The Dogue de Bordeaux is a stocky and athletic dog with a powerful, muscular build. They have a distinctive, massive head with numerous wrinkles.

Their short, soft coat comes in various shades of fawn, from light to a deep red mahogany. A black or brown mask is a characteristic feature of the breed.

Physical Features

Ears

The ears are small in proportion to the head, set high, and hang down, close to the cheeks.

Eyes

Their eyes are oval-shaped, set wide apart, and can range from hazel to dark brown. The expression is typically frank and serious.

Nose

The nose is broad, with well-opened nostrils. The color matches the mask—black for a black mask, and brown for a brown mask.

Coat & Build

Coat Length

The Dogue de Bordeaux has a short, fine, and soft-to-the-touch single coat.

Coat Color

The coat is self-colored in all shades of fawn, ranging from a light fawn to a deep red mahogany. A black or brown mask is common, and limited white patches on the chest and feet are permissible.

Tail

The tail is thick at the base, tapering to a point. It is carried low and should not be docked.

Dogue de Bordeaux Temperament

The Dogue de Bordeaux is a devoted and loving companion to its family. Despite its intimidating appearance, it is known for its calm and patient demeanor, especially with children it has been raised with.

This breed forms a strong bond with its owners and can be prone to separation anxiety if left alone for extended periods. They thrive on being part of the family's daily life.

While affectionate with family, they are naturally protective and can be wary of strangers, making them excellent watchdogs. Their courage is renowned, but they are not typically aggressive without cause.

Early and consistent socialization is crucial for the Dogue de Bordeaux to develop into a well-behaved adult. This helps them learn to differentiate between welcome guests and potential threats.

They can be stubborn and require a confident, experienced owner who can provide firm but fair training. Positive reinforcement techniques work best with this intelligent breed.

Temperament Traits

LoyalAffectionateCourageousVigilantEven-TemperedProtective

Good With

Health

The Dogue de Bordeaux has a shorter lifespan than many other breeds, typically 5-8 years. They are prone to several serious health conditions, and responsible breeding and regular veterinary care are crucial.

Common Health Issues

Cancer - A leading cause of death in the breed.
Hip and Elbow Dysplasia - A genetic condition affecting the joints, which can lead to arthritis.
Heart Conditions - Subaortic stenosis is a particular concern.
Bloat (Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus) - A life-threatening stomach condition common in deep-chested breeds.
Skin Issues - The facial wrinkles can harbor bacteria and lead to infections if not kept clean and dry.
Overheating - Due to their brachycephalic (short) snout, they do not pant efficiently and are susceptible to heatstroke.

Preventive Care

Regular veterinary check-ups, health screenings for breeding stock, proper diet and weight management, and careful exercise.

How to Care for a Dogue de Bordeaux

The Dogue de Bordeaux, while having a low-maintenance coat, requires significant commitment in terms of training, socialization, and managing their health. They are a powerful breed that needs a knowledgeable owner.

Living Conditions

Space Requirements

A house with a securely fenced yard is highly recommended.

Climate Adaptability

Prefers cooler climates; susceptible to overheating in hot weather.

Apartment Living

Not well-suited for apartment living due to their size.

Best Suited For

Best for experienced dog owners who can provide consistent training and leadership.

Training Tips

Frequently Asked Questions

Specialized Care Guides

Puppy Care

Early socialization and puppy training classes are essential. Provide a diet for large-breed puppies to support controlled growth.

Senior Care

Monitor for signs of joint pain and heart issues. Adjust exercise to their ability. May require joint supplements.

First-Time Owner Tips

Not generally recommended for first-time owners due to their size, strength, and stubborn streak.