Leonberger

Updated August 11, 2025

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The Leonberger is a giant breed of dog from Germany, treasured for its calm temperament, intelligence, and family devotion. A versatile working dog and a gentle companion, the Leo excels in roles from water rescue to therapy dog, but its favorite job is being a beloved member of the family.

Temperament

Gentle, Calm, Loyal, Loving, Patient, Fearless, Intelligent

Weight

90-170 pounds

Height

25.5-31.5 inches

Life Expectancy

7-9 years

Coat Color

Lion-Yellow, Red, Reddish-Brown, Sandy

At a Glance

Maintenance Level

4/5

Friendliness

5/5

Energy Level

3/5

Good with Kids

5/5

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Characteristics Appearance Temperament Care Health History FAQs

About Leonberger

The Leonberger is a giant breed of dog from Germany, treasured for its calm temperament, intelligence, and family devotion. A versatile working dog and a gentle companion, the Leo excels in roles from water rescue to therapy dog, but its favorite job is being a beloved member of the family.

7-9 years
Lifespan
90-170 pounds
Weight
25.5-31.5 inches
Height
3
Energy Level

What Makes Leonbergers Special

The Leonberger is a true 'gentle giant,' combining the power and majesty of a lion with the serene and loving heart of a devoted family member. They are known for their calm demeanor and unwavering loyalty.

Bred as a companion dog, their greatest desire is to be with their people. They are intuitive, patient, and form deep, lasting bonds with every member of the family, making them one of the most cherished giant breeds.

Leonberger History & Origin

The Leonberger was created in the 1840s in Leonberg, Germany, by Heinrich Essig, a town councilor who sought to breed a dog that resembled the lion on the town's crest. The breed was developed by crossing a Newfoundland with a Saint Bernard, and later a Pyrenean Mountain Dog.

Heinrich Essig's goal was to create a majestic companion dog fit for royalty, and many European nobles, including Empress Elisabeth of Austria, owned them.

The breed faced near extinction during the World Wars, with only a handful of dogs surviving. Dedicated breeders worked to revive the Leonberger population post-war.

The Leonberger Club of America was formed, and the breed was officially recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) in the Working Group in 2010.

The cost of a Leonberger puppy from a reputable breeder typically ranges from $2,000 to $4,000, reflecting the costs of health screening and proper rearing.

Adoption through breed-specific rescues is also an option, providing a loving home to a Leo in need for a lower fee.

Leonberger Characteristics

Individual Variation

Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

Couch Potato Star Athlete

Grooming Needs

Minimal Grooming Extensive Grooming

Training Needs

Requires Minimal Training Requires a Lot of Training

Health Issues

Few Known Health Issues Many Known Health Issues

Shedding Level

Sheds a Little Sheds a Lot

Leonberger Appearance

The Leonberger is a large, muscular, and elegant dog with a majestic, lion-like appearance, especially in males who possess a prominent mane.

They move with a graceful, ground-covering stride, exuding power and balance. Their expression is gentle and intelligent, framed by a characteristic black mask.

Physical Features

Ears

The ears are medium-sized, triangular, and hang close to the head.

Eyes

Their kind, almond-shaped eyes are typically dark brown.

Nose

The nose is large and always black, completing the breed's distinct facial mask.

Coat & Build

Coat Length

Leonbergers have a medium-long double coat that is water-resistant. The hair is longer and feathered on the tail and legs. Males are distinguished by a lion-like mane on their neck and chest.

Coat Color

Acceptable colors range from lion-yellow, golden, red, reddish-brown, and sandy. All variations must have a black mask.

Tail

The tail is long, bushy, and hangs down when at rest, often with a slight curve at the end.

Leonberger Temperament

The Leonberger's defining characteristic is its gentle and patient temperament. Despite their immense size, they are known for being exceptionally good with children and other pets.

They are deeply loyal and form strong bonds with their families, thriving on companionship and participation in all family activities. They do not do well if left alone for long periods.

Leos are intelligent and surprisingly sensitive to human emotions, often acting as a calming presence in the household. Their serene patience and confidence make them reliable companions.

While generally calm and not prone to excessive barking, they are confident and vigilant watchdogs, with a deep bark that deters intruders. They are reserved but not aggressive towards strangers.

Early and consistent training is key. They respond well to positive reinforcement but can be sensitive to harsh methods. Their intelligence and eagerness to please make them trainable for various activities.

Temperament Traits

GentleCalmLoyalLovingPatientFearlessIntelligent

Good With

ChildrenFamiliesOther DogsCatsActive People

Health

As a giant breed, the Leonberger has a shorter lifespan, typically 7 to 9 years. They are prone to certain genetic conditions and size-related issues that owners must be aware of to ensure a high quality of life.

Common Health Issues

Cancer - Cancer is a leading cause of death, with osteosarcoma (bone cancer) and hemangiosarcoma being prevalent.
Orthopedic Issues - Hip and elbow dysplasia are common. Keeping them at a lean weight and responsible breeding practices are crucial for prevention.
Bloat (GDV) - This is a life-threatening emergency where the stomach twists. It is a major risk for deep-chested breeds like the Leo.
Heart Conditions - Dilated cardiomyopathy and other cardiac issues can occur. Regular screening is recommended.
Inherited Polyneuropathy (LPN) - A neurological disease specific to the breed that causes nerve issues. Genetic screening is available.
Eye Conditions - They can be affected by cataracts, entropion, and ectropion.

Preventive Care

Responsible breeding with health-screened parents, regular vet checkups, proper nutrition to maintain a lean weight, and awareness of the signs of bloat are key to a healthy life.

How to Care for a Leonberger

Owning a Leonberger is a significant commitment. They require ample space, regular grooming, daily exercise, and, most importantly, close companionship with their family to thrive.

Living Conditions

Space Requirements

Requires a home with ample indoor and outdoor space; a fenced yard is a must.

Climate Adaptability

Prefers cooler weather and needs protection from overheating in hot climates.

Apartment Living

Unsuitable for apartment living.

Best Suited For

Perfect for active families or individuals who want a large, loving, and involved canine companion.

Training Tips

Start socialization the day your puppy comes home.
Use positive reinforcement; they are sensitive and do not respond well to harshness.
Keep training sessions engaging and consistent.
Focus on leash training early, before they become too powerful.
Enroll in puppy obedience classes for structured socialization and training.

Frequently Asked Questions

Specialized Care Guides

Puppy Care

Focus on early, widespread socialization, controlled exercise to protect joints, and giant-breed puppy nutrition.

Senior Care

Monitor for arthritis and mobility issues, provide joint supplements, adjust exercise, and schedule more frequent vet check-ups.

First-Time Owner Tips

Can be a good choice for dedicated first-time owners who are prepared for the breed's size, grooming, and need for companionship, but experience is often recommended.