Maltese

Updated August 11, 2025

No image available

The Maltese is a gentle and fearless toy dog known for its luxurious white coat. They are playful and charming companions who bond deeply with their owners, excelling as both a loving lapdog and a spirited, alert watchdog.

Temperament

Playful, Charming, Gentle, Affectionate, Lively

Weight

4-7 pounds

Height

7-9 inches

Life Expectancy

12-15 years

Coat Color

White

At a Glance

Maintenance Level

5/5

Friendliness

5/5

Energy Level

3/5

Good with Kids

3/5

Jump to Section

Characteristics Appearance Temperament Care Health History FAQs

About Maltese

The Maltese is a gentle and fearless toy dog known for its luxurious white coat. They are playful and charming companions who bond deeply with their owners, excelling as both a loving lapdog and a spirited, alert watchdog.

12-15 years
Lifespan
4-7 pounds
Weight
7-9 inches
Height
3
Energy Level

What Makes Malteses Special

The Maltese is the aristocrat of the toy dog world. With a glamorous, floor-length white coat, they are the picture of elegance. But beneath the show-dog exterior is a sprightly, playful, and deeply affectionate companion.

They are famous for their charming personalities and their ability to stay puppy-like well into their senior years. A Maltese is happy to be your shadow, following you from room to room and showering you with love.

Maltese History & Origin

The Maltese is an ancient breed, with a history that can be traced back for centuries. Originating from the island of Malta in the Mediterranean, these dogs were prized by royalty and nobility across the ancient world for their beauty and companionship.

The breed has been known by many names, including the 'Melitae Dog,' 'Ye Ancient Dogge of Malta,' and the 'Roman Ladies' Dog.'

Aristotle mentioned the breed in 370 B.C., attesting to its ancient lineage.

Maltese were introduced to the United States in the late 1800s and were recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1888.

The cost for a Maltese puppy from a reputable breeder typically ranges from $1,500 to $4,000, reflecting their popularity and the care required in breeding.

Adopting a Maltese from a rescue organization is also a wonderful option. Many rescues specialize in small breeds and have Maltese or Maltese-mixes looking for loving homes.

Maltese Characteristics

Individual Variation

Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

Couch Potato Star Athlete

Grooming Needs

Minimal Grooming Extensive Grooming

Training Needs

Requires Minimal Training Requires a Lot of Training

Health Issues

Few Known Health Issues Many Known Health Issues

Shedding Level

Sheds a Little Sheds a Lot

Maltese Appearance

The Maltese carries itself with a proud and graceful gait. Their compact body is covered in a mantle of long, silky white hair that gives them a distinguished look.

Their most defining features are their dark, expressive eyes and black 'gumdrop' nose, which provide a striking contrast to their pure white coat. This combination creates a gentle and endearing expression that captures hearts.

Physical Features

Ears

Maltese have long, pendant ears that are heavily feathered and hang close to the head.

Eyes

Their eyes are very dark, round, and set not too far apart. The black eye rims enhance their expressive, gentle look.

Nose

The nose is small, distinctly black, and button-like.

Coat & Build

Coat Length

Maltese have a single coat (no undercoat) of long, silky, straight white hair that should hang to the ground. It is hypoallergenic.

Coat Color

Pure white is the standard and required color for the Maltese. While slight lemon or tan markings are sometimes seen, they are undesirable in the show ring.

Tail

The Maltese has a long-haired plume of a tail that is carried gracefully over the back.

Maltese Temperament

The Maltese is a classic lap dog, known for being sweet, playful, and charming. They thrive on human companionship and are known to form incredibly strong bonds with their families.

Despite their delicate appearance, Maltese are vigorous and full of life. They excel as alert watchdogs and will readily bark at strangers or unfamiliar sounds, though they are too small and friendly to be effective guard dogs.

Their gentle and trusting nature makes them great companions for single people, couples, and seniors. Due to their small size and fragile build, they are generally better suited for homes with older, respectful children rather than toddlers.

Maltese are intelligent and can be trained, but they can also have a stubborn streak. Early socialization and consistent, gentle training are key to raising a well-behaved adult. They are known for their bursts of energy and enjoy playing games indoors.

Ultimately, the Maltese is a companion animal through and through. They are happiest when they are at the center of their family's attention, whether that's cuddling on the couch or showing off a new trick.

Temperament Traits

PlayfulCharmingGentleAffectionateLively

Good With

SeniorsSinglesApartment DwellersFamilies with older children

Health

Maltese are generally healthy dogs with a long lifespan of 12-15 years. However, like all purebreds, they are prone to certain genetic health conditions. Awareness of these issues can help in early detection and treatment.

Common Health Issues

Patellar Luxation - A common problem in small dogs where the kneecap dislocates. It can cause pain and lameness and may require surgery in severe cases.
Dental Issues - Maltese are highly prone to periodontal disease, which can lead to tooth loss and other infections. Daily brushing and regular vet cleanings are critical.
Tracheal Collapse - A condition where the trachea, or windpipe, weakens and collapses, causing a harsh, dry cough. It's common in toy breeds.
Portosystemic Shunt (Liver Shunt) - A congenital condition where blood bypasses the liver, preventing it from being cleaned. Symptoms can include poor growth, seizures, and behavioral issues.
White Shaker Syndrome - A disorder that causes full-body tremors, most commonly seen in small, white dogs. It is treatable with medication.

Preventive Care

Regular vet checkups, diligent dental care, proper nutrition, and choosing a reputable breeder can help ensure a long, healthy life.

How to Care for a Maltese

Maltese are high-maintenance in the grooming department but have relatively low exercise needs. Their primary requirement is being with their people, making them an indoor dog that thrives on attention and care.

Living Conditions

Space Requirements

Ideal for apartments and smaller homes; does not need a large yard.

Climate Adaptability

Adaptable but prefers temperate climates; must be protected from extreme cold and heat.

Apartment Living

An excellent choice for apartment dwellers due to their small size and low exercise needs.

Best Suited For

Best suited for seniors, singles, or families with older children who can give them lots of attention.

Training Tips

Start housetraining immediately and be extremely consistent.
Use positive reinforcement methods; they are sensitive to harsh tones.
Socialize them early with various people, sounds, and sights.
Keep training sessions short and engaging to hold their attention.
Address barking early before it becomes a habit.

Frequently Asked Questions

Specialized Care Guides

Puppy Care

Early socialization, consistent housetraining, and gentle handling are key.

Senior Care

Increased focus on dental health, joint support, and regular vet check-ups for age-related issues.

First-Time Owner Tips

A good choice for novice owners, provided they are prepared for the extensive grooming requirements.