Samoyed
Updated August 11, 2025
Samoyed
Updated August 11, 2025
The Samoyed is a substantial but graceful dog with a friendly and adaptable nature. Bred by the nomadic Samoyede people in Siberia, they were working partners, herding reindeer, pulling sleds, and sharing their owners' tents. This close relationship with people has resulted in the intelligent, and highly social dog we know today.
Friendly, Gentle, Adaptable, Playful, Stubborn
35-65 pounds
19-23.5 inches
12-14 years
White, Biscuit, Cream, White & Biscuit
At a Glance
Maintenance Level
Friendliness
Energy Level
Good with Kids
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About Samoyed
The Samoyed is a substantial but graceful dog with a friendly and adaptable nature. Bred by the nomadic Samoyede people in Siberia, they were working partners, herding reindeer, pulling sleds, and sharing their owners' tents. This close relationship with people has resulted in the intelligent, and highly social dog we know today.
What Makes Samoyeds Special
The Samoyed is a graceful, medium-sized dog with a stunning white coat and a friendly disposition.
Their 'Sammy smile,' with its upturned mouth corners, is a hallmark of the breed and reflects their amiable personality.
Originally bred for herding reindeer and pulling sleds, they are strong and intelligent working dogs that have adapted well to family life.
Samoyed History & Origin
The Samoyed dog breed takes its name from the Samoyedic peoples of Siberia. These nomadic reindeer herders bred the fluffy, white dogs to help with herding, to pull sleds, and to hunt. They also lived closely with their dogs, which fostered the breed's friendly and loyal disposition.
The Samoyed is one of the 14 ancient dog breeds most closely related to the wolf.
They were brought out of Siberia at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century to pull sleds on polar expeditions.
The breed was recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1906.
Their smiling expression is not just for show; the upturned corners of the mouth prevent drooling, which in turn prevents icicles from forming on their face in frigid temperatures.
Samoyed Characteristics
Individual Variation
Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.
Care Requirements
Exercise Needs
Grooming Needs
Training Needs
Health Issues
Shedding Level
Samoyed Appearance
The Samoyed's most striking feature is its profuse white double coat, which is both beautiful and functional, providing insulation against harsh weather.
They have a compact and muscular body, with a deep chest and strong legs.
Their overall expression is one of alertness and intelligence, highlighted by their dark, almond-shaped eyes.
Physical Features
Ears
The ears are strong, thick, erect, triangular and slightly rounded at the tips; they should be in proportion to the size of the head and the dog.
Eyes
Eyes should be dark in color, well-set in the skull, and almond in shape, with a lower lid that slants toward the base of the ears.
Nose
The nose should be black for preference, but a brown, liver, or dudley nose is not penalized.
Coat & Build
Coat Length
The Samoyed is a double-coated dog with the undercoat being soft, short, and thick with longer, harsher hair growing through it to form the outer coat which stands straight out from the body and is free from curl.
Coat Color
Pure white, white and biscuit, cream, or all biscuit are the recognized colors.
Tail
The tail is moderately long, profusely covered with long hair, and carried over the back and to the side when alert or in motion.
Samoyed Temperament
Samoyeds are known for their friendly and affectionate nature, making them excellent companions for families.
They are intelligent but can have a stubborn streak, which requires patient and consistent training.
Their playful and gentle disposition makes them good with children and other pets, though early socialization is key.
Bred for close human contact, they thrive on being part of the family and can be prone to separation anxiety if left alone for too long.
They are vocal dogs and will often 'talk' or bark to express themselves.
Temperament Traits
Good With
Health
Samoyeds are generally healthy dogs with a lifespan of 12 to 14 years. However, like all breeds, they are prone to certain health conditions. Responsible breeders will screen their stock for these issues.
Common Health Issues
Preventive Care
Regular veterinary check-ups, a healthy diet, and regular exercise are key to a long and healthy life. Screening for genetic conditions is recommended.
How to Care for a Samoyed
Samoyeds are high-maintenance dogs, primarily due to their extensive grooming needs and need for regular exercise and social interaction.
Living Conditions
Space Requirements
A house with a fenced yard is preferable to an apartment.
Climate Adaptability
They are well-suited to cold climates but can overheat in hot weather.
Apartment Living
Not ideal due to their size, energy levels, and tendency to be vocal.
Best Suited For
An active family or individual who can provide plenty of exercise, attention, and grooming is the best fit.
Training Tips
Frequently Asked Questions
Specialized Care Guides
Puppy Care
Early and extensive socialization is crucial for a well-adjusted adult. Start basic obedience training early.
Senior Care
As they age, their exercise needs may decrease, but regular, gentle activity is still important. Monitor for age-related health issues.
First-Time Owner Tips
Can be a good choice for first-time owners who are prepared for the grooming and exercise commitment.