Shih Tzu
Updated December 2, 2025
The Shih Tzu is a small, sturdy dog with a lush, long, double hair coat. This breed's alert, confident, playful, and courageous demeanor make it a favorite amongst toy dog enthusiasts. The Shih Tzu is an ancient breed and has been a cherished companion for centuries.
Affectionate, Lively, Outgoing, Playful, Alert, Loyal, Independent, Friendly
9-16 pounds
9-10.5 inches
10-16 years
Gold, Brindle, Black, White, Red, Silver, Blue, Liver
At a Glance
Good with Kids
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About Shih Tzu
The Shih Tzu is a small, sturdy dog with a lush, long, double hair coat. This breed's alert, confident, playful, and courageous demeanor make it a favorite amongst toy dog enthusiasts. The Shih Tzu is an ancient breed and has been a cherished companion for centuries.
What Makes Shih Tzus Special
The name 'Shih Tzu' means 'little lion,' but there’s nothing fierce about this dog breed. This pooch is a lover, not a hunter.
Bred solely to be companions, Shih Tzus are affectionate, happy, outgoing house dogs who love nothing more than to follow their people from room to room.
Since ancient times, they’ve made themselves comfortable on the laps of people from all walks of life, even emperors!
Shih Tzu History & Origin
The Shih Tzu originated in Tibet, likely as a cross between the Lhasa Apso and the Pekingese. They were given as gifts to Chinese emperors and became prized companions in the imperial court. The breed was so cherished that for many years the Chinese refused to sell, trade, or give any away. It was not until the 1930s that the breed was first imported to Europe.
The Shih Tzu is one of the 14 oldest dog breeds.
For centuries, they were kept as house pets by Chinese royalty.
The breed was first recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1969.
Their popularity in the United States grew steadily, and they are now one of the most popular toy breeds.
Shih Tzu Characteristics
Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.
Care Requirements
Exercise Needs
Grooming Needs
Training Needs
Health Issues
Shedding Level
Shih Tzu Appearance
A compact and solid dog, the Shih Tzu's long, flowing double coat is its most distinctive feature.
They have a proud, arrogant carriage with their head held high and tail curved over the back.
Physical Features
Ears
Large, set just below the crown of the skull, and heavily coated with long fur.
Eyes
Large, round, and wide-set, they are typically very dark. The expression is warm, sweet, and friendly.
Nose
The nose is broad with open nostrils and is typically black.
Coat & Build
Coat Length
The Shih Tzu has a long, dense double coat. The outer coat is long and flowing, while the undercoat is soft and woolly.
Coat Color
All colors are permissible and are often seen in combinations of two or three colors. A white blaze on the forehead and a white tip to the tail are highly prized.
Tail
The tail is set high, heavily plumed, and carried in a curve well over the back.
Shih Tzu Temperament
Bred solely to be companions, Shih Tzus are affectionate, happy, outgoing house dogs who love nothing more than to follow their people from room to room.
They are alert and lively, and can be stubborn at times.
Shih Tzus are generally good with people of all ages and with other dogs and pets, making them great family companions.
Early socialization and training are important to help them develop into well-rounded adults.
Temperament Traits
Good With
Health
Shih Tzus have a lifespan of 10 to 16 years. They are generally healthy but are prone to certain health conditions, particularly those related to their short faces and long backs.
Common Health Issues
Preventive Care
Regular veterinary check-ups, diligent grooming, dental care, and weight management are crucial for a long and healthy life.
How to Care for a Shih Tzu
The Shih Tzu is a high-maintenance breed, primarily due to its long, luxurious coat which requires daily grooming. They are well-suited for apartment living and have moderate exercise needs.
Grooming
The long, silky coat of the Shih Tzu requires daily brushing to prevent tangles and mats.
Many owners opt to keep their Shih Tzu's coat trimmed short in a 'puppy cut' for easier maintenance.
Their fast-growing hair on their face can irritate their eyes, so it needs to be trimmed or tied up in a topknot.
Nails should be trimmed regularly, and ears checked and cleaned to prevent infections.
Training
Shih Tzus can be stubborn, which can make training a challenge. Consistency and patience are key.
Positive reinforcement techniques, such as praise and treats, work best.
Early socialization and puppy training classes are highly recommended.
House-training can sometimes be difficult with this breed.
Diet
A high-quality commercial dog food appropriate for their age (puppy, adult, senior) and size is recommended.
Portion control is important to prevent obesity, as they can be prone to weight gain.
Fresh, clean water should be available at all times.
Exercise
Shih Tzus have minimal exercise needs and are content with short daily walks and indoor playtime.
They are not built for long-distance running or strenuous activities.
Due to their short faces (brachycephalic), they can be prone to overheating in hot and humid weather, so exercise should be done during cooler parts of the day.
Environment
Shih Tzus are ideal apartment dogs due to their small size and low exercise requirements.
They thrive on human companionship and do not do well if left alone for extended periods.
They are indoor dogs and should not be kept outside.
Living Conditions
Space Requirements
Does not require a lot of space, making them perfect for apartments.
Climate Adaptability
Prefers moderate climates. Susceptible to overheating in hot weather and can get chilled in cold weather.
Apartment Living
An excellent choice for apartment dwellers.
Best Suited For
Best suited for those who can provide plenty of attention and grooming.
Training Tips
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Shih Tzus good for first-time owners?
Yes, their friendly nature and adaptability make them a good choice for first-time dog owners, as long as they are committed to their grooming needs.
How much grooming do Shih Tzus need?
Shih Tzus require daily brushing to prevent matting and regular professional grooming every 4-6 weeks.
Are Shih Tzus hypoallergenic?
While no dog is 100% hypoallergenic, Shih Tzus have hair instead of fur and shed very little, making them a better choice for people with allergies.
Are Shih Tzus easy to train?
They can be stubborn, which can make training, especially house-training, a challenge. Patience and consistency are key.
Do Shih Tzus bark a lot?
They can be prone to barking, as they are alert and will often bark at strangers or unfamiliar sounds.
Specialized Care Guides
Puppy Care
Early socialization, consistent house-training, and getting them accustomed to grooming from a young age are essential.
Senior Care
Older Shih Tzus may require more frequent veterinary check-ups, a modified diet, and adjustments to their exercise routine.
First-Time Owner Tips
A good choice for novice owners, provided they are prepared for the grooming commitment.
Looking for a Shih Tzu?
Connect with responsible breeders, rescue organizations, and pet adoption services in your area.