Portuguese Water Dog
Updated December 2, 2025
Portuguese Water Dogs are smart, trainable, and adventurous. Originally bred for working with fishermen, they excel at water-related tasks and are highly devoted to their families.
Energetic, Intelligent, Obedient, Brave, Affectionate
35-60 pounds
17-23 inches
11-13 years
Black, White, Brown, Black and White, Brown and White
At a Glance
Good with Kids
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About Portuguese Water Dog
Portuguese Water Dogs are smart, trainable, and adventurous. Originally bred for working with fishermen, they excel at water-related tasks and are highly devoted to their families.
What Makes Portuguese Water Dogs Special
Portuguese Water Dogs are vivacious, loyal, and endlessly playful. They're always up for a game or an adventure.
With their strong love for water, they’ll be your best swim buddy and thrive in an active home where they can get plenty of exercise and attention.
Portuguese Water Dog History & Origin
Portuguese Water Dogs have ancient roots in Portugal, where they were used on fishing boats to herd fish, retrieve gear, and deliver messages.
The breed is believed to date back to pre-Roman times in the Iberian Peninsula.
They were prized by Portuguese fishermen for their swimming ability and work ethic.
Their population declined in the 20th century but was revived by Dr. Vasco Bensuade.
Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1983.
Became widely known when President Obama adopted a Portuguese Water Dog named Bo.
Portuguese Water Dog Characteristics
Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.
Care Requirements
Exercise Needs
Grooming Needs
Training Needs
Health Issues
Shedding Level
Portuguese Water Dog Appearance
Portuguese Water Dogs have a sturdy and athletic build, covered in a dense, water-resistant coat.
Their expressive eyes and curly or wavy hair give them a charming, alert appearance.
Physical Features
Ears
Pendant ears that lie close to the head
Eyes
Medium, round, and set wide apart, usually brown or black
Nose
Black or brown, matching the coat color
Coat & Build
Coat Length
Medium with either curly or wavy texture
Coat Color
Black, brown, white, or combinations of these
Tail
A strong tail that acts like a rudder in water
Portuguese Water Dog Temperament
Portuguese Water Dogs are spirited and highly trainable, making them great companions for active families.
They form strong bonds with their people and thrive on human interaction and physical activity.
Originally bred for working on fishing boats, they are natural swimmers and love any activity involving water.
They do best in homes where their energy can be channeled into positive outlets such as agility, obedience, or retrieving games.
Their smart and loyal nature makes them responsive to training and capable of performing complex tasks.
Temperament Traits
Good With
Health
Generally healthy but can be prone to some inherited diseases. Regular vet checkups and preventive care are essential.
Common Health Issues
Preventive Care
Genetic testing, annual vet exams, joint supplements, balanced diet
How to Care for a Portuguese Water Dog
Portuguese Water Dogs are athletic and require daily physical and mental stimulation. Their hypoallergenic coats need regular grooming to prevent matting.
Grooming
Brush your Portuguese Water Dog two to three times per week to prevent mats, especially if they have curly hair.
Professional grooming is needed every 6–8 weeks to keep their coat tidy and healthy.
Regularly clean their ears and check for wax buildup due to their floppy nature.
Keep their nails trimmed and teeth brushed for overall hygiene.
Training
Start obedience training and socialization early for a well-behaved companion.
They respond well to positive reinforcement with treats and praise.
Advanced activities like agility and scent work can keep them mentally stimulated.
Diet
Feed a well-balanced, high-quality diet based on your dog’s age, weight, and activity level.
Be mindful of portion sizes to prevent obesity.
Consult your vet for any specific dietary needs or allergies.
Exercise
These dogs are high-energy and need 60–90 minutes of exercise daily.
They love to swim, hike, run, and play fetch.
Include brain games like puzzle toys and obedience drills to satisfy their mental drive.
Environment
Portuguese Water Dogs adapt well to various environments if they get enough exercise.
They can thrive in homes with yards or active families in apartments.
Ensure safe access to water if available, as they love swimming.
Living Conditions
Space Requirements
Best with a yard or regular outdoor access
Climate Adaptability
Adaptable but may prefer temperate environments
Apartment Living
Can adapt with high daily exercise
Best Suited For
Great for active, outdoorsy families or individuals
Training Tips
Frequently Asked Questions
Are Portuguese Water Dogs hypoallergenic?
Yes, their low-shedding coat is considered hypoallergenic, but regular grooming is essential.
Are Portuguese Water Dogs good swimmers?
Yes, they were bred for water work and are excellent swimmers.
Do Portuguese Water Dogs bark a lot?
They may bark to alert but are not generally nuisance barkers with proper training.
Are Portuguese Water Dogs good family pets?
Yes, they are loyal, playful, and great with kids when properly socialized.
How often should you groom a Portuguese Water Dog?
They need brushing several times a week and professional grooming every 6–8 weeks.
Specialized Care Guides
Puppy Care
Early training and socialization are key, along with balanced puppy food
Senior Care
Adapted exercise and regular health checkups; monitor joint health
First-Time Owner Tips
A good option for active first-time owners willing to invest in training
Looking for a Portuguese Water Dog?
Connect with responsible breeders, rescue organizations, and pet adoption services in your area.