Portuguese Water Dog

Updated August 11, 2025

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Portuguese Water Dogs are smart, trainable, and adventurous. Originally bred for working with fishermen, they excel at water-related tasks and are highly devoted to their families.

Temperament

Energetic, Intelligent, Obedient, Brave, Affectionate

Weight

35-60 pounds

Height

17-23 inches

Life Expectancy

11-13 years

Coat Color

Black, White, Brown, Black and White, Brown and White

At a Glance

Maintenance Level

4/5

Friendliness

4/5

Energy Level

4/5

Good with Kids

4/5

About Portuguese Water Dog

Portuguese Water Dogs are smart, trainable, and adventurous. Originally bred for working with fishermen, they excel at water-related tasks and are highly devoted to their families.

11-13 years
Lifespan
35-60 pounds
Weight
17-23 inches
Height
4
Energy Level

What Makes Portuguese Water Dogs Special

Portuguese Water Dogs are vivacious, loyal, and endlessly playful. They're always up for a game or an adventure.

With their strong love for water, they’ll be your best swim buddy and thrive in an active home where they can get plenty of exercise and attention.

Portuguese Water Dog History & Origin

Portuguese Water Dogs have ancient roots in Portugal, where they were used on fishing boats to herd fish, retrieve gear, and deliver messages.

The breed is believed to date back to pre-Roman times in the Iberian Peninsula.

They were prized by Portuguese fishermen for their swimming ability and work ethic.

Their population declined in the 20th century but was revived by Dr. Vasco Bensuade.

Recognized by the American Kennel Club in 1983.

Became widely known when President Obama adopted a Portuguese Water Dog named Bo.

Portuguese Water Dog Characteristics

Individual Variation

Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.

Care Requirements

Exercise Needs

Couch Potato Star Athlete

Grooming Needs

Minimal Grooming Extensive Grooming

Training Needs

Requires Minimal Training Requires a Lot of Training

Health Issues

Few Known Health Issues Many Known Health Issues

Shedding Level

Sheds a Little Sheds a Lot

Portuguese Water Dog Appearance

Portuguese Water Dogs have a sturdy and athletic build, covered in a dense, water-resistant coat.

Their expressive eyes and curly or wavy hair give them a charming, alert appearance.

Physical Features

Ears

Pendant ears that lie close to the head

Eyes

Medium, round, and set wide apart, usually brown or black

Nose

Black or brown, matching the coat color

Coat & Build

Coat Length

Medium with either curly or wavy texture

Coat Color

Black, brown, white, or combinations of these

Tail

A strong tail that acts like a rudder in water

Portuguese Water Dog Temperament

Portuguese Water Dogs are spirited and highly trainable, making them great companions for active families.

They form strong bonds with their people and thrive on human interaction and physical activity.

Originally bred for working on fishing boats, they are natural swimmers and love any activity involving water.

They do best in homes where their energy can be channeled into positive outlets such as agility, obedience, or retrieving games.

Their smart and loyal nature makes them responsive to training and capable of performing complex tasks.

Temperament Traits

EnergeticIntelligentObedientBraveAffectionate

Good With

ChildrenActive AdultsOther DogsSwimmersOutdoor Enthusiasts

Health

Generally healthy but can be prone to some inherited diseases. Regular vet checkups and preventive care are essential.

Common Health Issues

Hip Dysplasia - Improper formation of the hip joint leading to arthritis.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy - A degenerative eye disorder causing blindness.
Addison's Disease - A condition affecting the adrenal glands.
Juvenile Cardiomyopathy - A rare but fatal heart condition in young dogs.

Preventive Care

Genetic testing, annual vet exams, joint supplements, balanced diet

How to Care for a Portuguese Water Dog

Portuguese Water Dogs are athletic and require daily physical and mental stimulation. Their hypoallergenic coats need regular grooming to prevent matting.

Living Conditions

Space Requirements

Best with a yard or regular outdoor access

Climate Adaptability

Adaptable but may prefer temperate environments

Apartment Living

Can adapt with high daily exercise

Best Suited For

Great for active, outdoorsy families or individuals

Training Tips

Start early socialization and obedience training
Use water activities as motivation
Keep training sessions fun and challenging
Be patient and consistent
Incorporate agility and advanced tricks to keep them engaged

Frequently Asked Questions

Specialized Care Guides

Puppy Care

Early training and socialization are key, along with balanced puppy food

Senior Care

Adapted exercise and regular health checkups; monitor joint health

First-Time Owner Tips

A good option for active first-time owners willing to invest in training